How temperature sensor is interfaced with PIC micro controller?

How temperature sensor is interfaced with PIC micro controller?

How temperature sensor is interfaced with PIC micro controller? Combining an analog temperature sensor LM35 with PIC microcontroller is very simple, the require thing is an analog-to-digital module (ADC) compatible with PIC microcontroller. This will show procedure to easily connect the LM35 sensor with the PIC16F887 microcontroller and manufacture a simple DIY thermometer. The compiler used in this project is mikroC PRO for PIC.

The LM35 temperature sensor is a small pin tool (VCC, OUT and GND) with output power that corresponds directly to the Centigrade temperature (analog device). As the output of the LM35 varies depending on the temperature we need an ADC module (Analog-to-Digital Converter) to measure this voltage. ADC module converts analog data into digital data. The PIC16F887 microcontroller has 1 ADC module with 10-bit resolution and 14 channels.

The output of the LM35 has an equal measurement + 10mV / ° C factor as follows:

If the output voltage = 10mV -> temperature = 1 ° C

If the output voltage = 100mV -> temperature = 10 ° C

If the output voltage = 200mV -> temperature = 20 ° C

If the output voltage = 370mV -> temperature = 37 ° C

and so on.

Hardware Required:

  • PIC16F887 microcontroller
  • LM35 temperature sensor – datasheet
  • 1602 LCD screen
  • 10k ohm flexible resistor (or potentiometer)
  • Bread board
  • 5V voltage source
  • Jumper threads

Related projects:

      The relating project to this are as following

  • Interfacing PIC16F887 with LM35 temperature sensor – CCS C
  • LM335 interface connector with PIC16F887 MCU – MikroC Projects

Interfacing PIC microcontroller with LM35 sensor region:

For example a circuit diagram is shown below.

LM35 mikroC with PIC microcontroller circuit
LM35 mikroC with PIC microcontroller circuit

(All ground terminals are linked)

The LM35 has 3 anchors (from left to right):

Pin 1: VCC, connected to +5V

Pin 2: analog output, connected to RA0 / AN0

Pin 3: GND (ground), connected to circuit ground (0V)

The LM335 sensor output pin is connected to the RA0 / AN0 pin (analog pin 0) of PIC16F887.

The LCD module is connected to the PORTD pins by:

RS -> RD0

E -> RD1

D4 -> RD2

D5 -> RD3

D6 -> RD4

D7 -> RD5

In this example the PIC16F887 microcontroller operates with its internal oscillator (@ 8MHz) and the MCLR pin configured as a digital input pin (programmed in the software).

Working with PIC microcontroller with LM35 sensor mikroC code:

Studying the magnitude of the power using ADC gives us a number between 0 and 1023 (10-bit resolution), 0V represented by 0 and 5V represented by 1023.  conversion:

Voltage (Volts) = ADC reads * 5/1023

Multiplying the previous output by 100 (LM35 scale is 10mV / ° C = 0.01V / ° C) will provide the actual temperature:

Temperature (° C) = ADC reads * 0.489

where 0.489 = 500/1023

The terms for the microC suspension are:

CONFIG1: 0x2CD4

CONFIG2: 0x0700

  Connecting Temperature sensor with PIC

Transducers convert physical data such as temperature, light intensity, flow, and speed to electrical signals. Depending on the transducer, the output  that is produced in the form of voltage, current, resistance, or capacitance. For example, temperature is converted to electrical signals using a transducer called a thermistor. A thermistor responds to temperature

change by changing resistance, but its response is not linear, as seen in Table 1.

The complexity associated with writing software for such non- linear devices has led many manufacturers to market a linear temperature sensor. Simple and widely used linear temperature sensors include the LM34 and LM35 series from National Semiconductor Corp. They are discussed next.

Table 1: Thermistor Resistance vs. Temperature                                                 

Temperature(C)           Tf (K ohms)            

0                                       29.490                     

25                                     10.000                     

50                                   3.893                         

75                                    1.700                        

100                                  0.817                        

From W’lliamKleitz, Digital Electronics

LM34 and LM35 temperature sensors

The sensors of the LM34 series are precision integrated-circuit temperature sensors whose output voltage is linearly proportional to the Fahrenheit temperature .Take a look to table 2.The LM34 requires no external calibration because it is internally calibrated. It outputs 10 mV for each degree of Fahrenheit temperature. Table 2 is a selection guide for the LM34.

Table 2: LM34 Temperature Sensor Series Selection Guide

Part Scale Temperature Range Accuracy Output
LM34A —50 F to +300 F +2.0 F 10 mV/F
LM34 —50 F to +300 F +3.0 F 10 mV/F
LM34CA —40 F to +230 F +2.0 F 10 mV/F
LM34C —40 F to +230 F +3.0 F 10 mV/F
LM34D —32 F to +212 F +4.0 F 10 mV/F

Note: Temperature range is in degrees Fahrenheit.

Table 3: LM35 Temperature sensor series selection guide

Part                    Temperature Range           Accuracy        Outpt Scale

LM35A                     -55 Cto+150C                          +1.0C                    l0mV/C

LM35                         -55 Cto+150C                          +1.5C                   l0mV/

LM35CA                    -40 Cto+110C                          +l.0C                  10mV/C

LM35C                       -40 Cto+110 C                         +1.5C                  10mV/C

LM35D                        0Cto+100C                             +2.0C                 10mV/C

The LM35 series sensors are precision integrated-circuit temperature sen­sors whose output voltage is linearly proportional to the Celsius (centigrade) tem­perature. The LM35 requires no external calibration because it is internally calibrated .It outputs 10mV for each degree of centigrade temperature .Table 3 is the selection guide for the LM35.

Figure shows the pin configuration of the LM34/LM35 temperature sensor and the connection of the temperature sensor

connecting a temperature sensor
connecting a temperature sensor

Also read here

https://eevibes.com/computing/introduction-to-computing/explain-how-to-calculate-a-d-conversion-timings/

Explain how to calculate A/D conversion timings?

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