How to test that the Given Vectors are Linearly Independent or Dependent?

Asma Mushtaq
linearly independent vectors

Linearly Independent Vectors: How to test the given vectors are linearly independent or not? The vectors v1,v2,v3,…vn in a vector space V are said to be linearly dependent if there exist constants c1,c2,c3,….cn not all zero such that: c1v1+c2v2+c3v3+……+cnvn=0  ————————-(i) Read More …

How to Perform Packed BCD to ASCII Conversion for PIC and Atmega Microcontroller?

Asma Mushtaq
conversion between ASCII and packed BCD

In computers, all the information is represented in 0s and 1s, binary pattern must assign letters and other symbols or characters. Standard representation of this pattern was established in 1960 who names as ASCII which is stands for American Standard Code for Information Interchange. The great advantage of this system

Ideal, Complete and practical Diode Models with Solved Examples

Asma Mushtaq
complete diode models

This is the most simple approach where we treat the diode as an ideal element. By ideal we mean,  we will ignore the barrier potential of the diode that is 0.7v in case of silicon and 0.3 v in case of germanium when it is forward biased. So, when diode is forward biased, we will say infinite amount of current is flowing with zero voltage drop across its terminals. When it is reverse biased, we will say it has infinite resistance and hence zero leakage current across its terminal.

How to Determine the Overflow of Signed and Unsigned Numbers?

Asma Mushtaq
overflow of signed and unsigned numbers

Why it is necessary to get the idea of overflow?  Numbers represented in computer system have always have a specific range. It depends on how many bits your system process. Some systems are 32 bits while other are 64-bits. With the advancement in technology we have now larger bits processing systems. But they have limited range of numbers they can represent. Overflow refers to the condition when the given bits can not represent the given number. It means that number needs more bits for its representation. There is another situation where the number is small enough and not representable according to the given pattern of numbers. This is called underflow.