Design of Traffic Light Signals System on Arduino

ABSTRACT

Design of Traffic Light Control system using Arduino. In this project we will be using a set of lights and a push button. It will direct us for the crossing of road. Basically, we are designing a set of traffic Light system using Arduino board model R3 connecting breadboard with it and by programming the Arduino. The Arduino will be helping us to direct the cars when to be stopped by showing red light or turning on Red LED, and when the cars are set to go, by turning Green LED on. Arduino will tell us to do something when the we change the state of the buttons and that the Arduino is watching we can press the button to functions in code.

Circuit Diagram of Traffic signals control system using Arduino

Components of Traffic Signals Control System

The parts or the components that will be required for using this task will be given as follows.

• Arduino UNO
• 2 x red diffused LEDs
• 2 x green diffused LEDs
• 10k ohm resistor
• 5 x current limiting resistor 330ohms
• Push button

Arduino Board 

Basically, what is an Arduino? It is a board on which a microcontroller is connected along with a crystal oscillator for providing a pulse to the microcontroller. Furthermore, it has some ports to plug in jumping wires for connecting it with your respective project on the breadboard. Beside this, the program is sketched by the computer application Arduino software. Furthermore, we connect the laptop with an Arduino board with a cable and, we provide DC power. In addition to this, it is an open-source electronics platform based on easy-to-use hardware and software. Arduino boards can read inputs such as we can say an input on a sensor, a finger on a button, or a message from an app like Twitter and turn it into an output activating a motor turning on a led publishing something online.

Working Procedure of Traffic signals Control System

Firstly, connect your circuit as shown in the figure. Double-check your wiring before providing any power to your Arduino. Remember to have your Arduino disconnected from the power while wiring the circuit. When you will be running the program, you will see that the car traffic light starts on the green, to allow cars to pass and the pedestrian on red. When we will be pressing the button then the program check that at least 5seconds have gone by since the last time. The lights were changed.to allow the traffic to get moving. And if they have passes the code execution to the function then we created a change lights ().in this function the car lights will go from green to then red and then the pedestrian light will go on green. After a period, which is being set in the variable cross-time which will allow enough time for pedestrians to cross the road in the given time the green pedestrian light will be blinking for the pedestrians to quickly pass the road after some time it will be changed to red and vehicle light will now go from the red to green and then the traffic can be resumed.

In Addition to this, we used 3 LEDS for controlling traffic i.e., Red for stopping, Green for allowing, and yellow for the delay between RED and Green. The time difference by which LEDs would glow respectively that is declared in the programming code.

We used resistors (5) for providing current to LEDs preventing them to fuse. We used a 10k ohms resistor for the push button. We used jumping wires to connect the breadboard project with Arduino and intra breadboard connections as well.

Simulation And Results

in this project, we used Arduino board model R3 to program a traffic control system on a breadboard using some LEDs (green, red, yellow), some resistors, and a push-button. We programmed the code in the Arduino computer application and using a data cable we uploaded the program to Arduino and hence got results. 

Code for traffic light control system using Arduino

// Project 4 – Interactive Traffic Lights

int carRed = 12; // assign the car lights

int carYellow = 11;

int carGreen = 10;

int pedRed = 9; // assign the pedestrian lights

int pedGreen = 8;

int button = 2; // button pin

int crossTime = 10000; // time allowed to cross

unsigned long changeTime = 0; // time last pedestrian cycle completed

void setup () {

pinMode (carRed, OUTPUT);

pinMode (carYellow, OUTPUT);

pinMode (carGreen, OUTPUT);

pinMode (pedRed, OUTPUT);

pinMode (pedGreen, OUTPUT);

pinMode(button, INPUT); // button on pin 2

// turn on the green light

digital Write (carGreen, HIGH);

digital Write(pedRed, HIGH);

}

void loop() {

int state = digital Read(button);

/* check if button is pressed and it is over 5 seconds since last button press */

if (state == HIGH && (millis() – changeTime) > 10000) {

// Call the function to change the lights

changeLights();

}

}

void changeLights() {

digitalWrite(carGreen, LOW); // green off

digitalWrite(carYellow, HIGH); // yellow on

delay(1000); // wait 2 seconds

digitalWrite(carYellow, LOW); // yellow off

digitalWrite(carRed, HIGH); // red on

delay(2000); // wait 1 second till it’s safe

digitalWrite(pedRed, LOW); // ped red off

digitalWrite(pedGreen, HIGH); // ped green on

delay(crossTime); // wait for preset time period

 

// flash the ped green

for (int x=0; x<10; x++) {

digitalWrite(pedGreen, HIGH);

delay(1000);

digitalWrite(pedGreen, LOW);

delay(1000);

}

// turn ped red on

digitalWrite(pedRed, HIGH);

delay(1000);

digitalWrite(carYellow, HIGH); // yellow on

digitalWrite(carRed, LOW); // red off

delay(1000);

digitalWrite(carGreen, HIGH);

digitalWrite(carYellow, LOW); // yellow off

// record the time since last change of lights

changeTime = millis();

// then return to the main program loop

}

Design of Traffic Light Control system using Arduino

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